Mental Health Support in the UK
Understand how mental health services work in the UK, including NHS pathways, self-referral, therapy options, and crisis support.
Finding mental health support in the UK
Three routes to support — here's how each one works.
In crisis right now? Call 999 or NHS 111 (option 2). Our crisis support guide lists every free 24/7 line.
NHS Talking Therapies
For most adults in England, the first NHS option is NHS Talking Therapies (formerly known as IAPT). It is free, evidence-based, and accepts self-referral in nearly every area — so you can go directly to your local service without first booking a GP appointment. Talking Therapies typically offer CBT, counselling, and guided self-help for common issues like anxiety, depression, panic, OCD and PTSD. Waiting times vary, but national targets aim for 75% of people to start treatment within six weeks of referral.
NHS specialist mental health
For more complex needs — severe depression, bipolar disorder, psychosis, eating disorders, ADHD or autism, complex trauma — a GP referral into specialist NHS mental health services is usually the route. These services sit within Community Mental Health Teams (CMHTs) or specialist clinics, and they are designed for situations where short-term talking therapy alone is not enough. Waits here are often longer, and the guides explain how to navigate referrals, second opinions, and your rights under the NHS Constitution.
Private mental health
Private mental health support — therapists, counsellors, psychiatrists and online therapy platforms — sits alongside the NHS rather than replacing it. It can offer faster access, more choice of clinician, and longer-term therapy, but cost and quality vary. The guides cover what to look for in a regulated therapist, how online therapy compares with in-person, and how to use NHS, charity and private support together where that helps.
The mental health support pathway
A typical journey, from first concern to ongoing support.
Where are you in your mental health journey?
Find the right starting point based on your situation.
I'm struggling and need support
Start with our guide to NHS Talking Therapies — the most common first step for adults in England. Free, self-referral, and available in most areas.
I need help right now
Crisis lines, A&E, and urgent NHS mental health support. Free 24/7 services across the UK, including what to expect when you call.
I'm considering private therapy
How to find a regulated therapist, what online platforms offer, and how private and NHS support can work alongside each other.
I'm waiting for NHS therapy
What the waiting times really mean, what to do if you have been turned down or discharged, and your options if you would rather not wait.
Getting mental health support
How to access mental health services in the UK.
How to Get Mental Health Support in the UK
A step-by-step guide to accessing mental health services including GP referrals and specialist support.
NHS Mental Health Services Explained
How mental health services are structured in the NHS, including talking therapies and specialist care.
Mental Health Assessment: What Happens?
What happens during mental health assessments in the UK and what support may follow.
Waiting for NHS Talking Therapies
What the waiting times really mean, what to do if you have been turned down or discharged, and your options if you would rather not wait.
Free Mental Health Support in the UK
How to access free mental health support through NHS services, charities, and community organisations.
The Biggest Mental Health Charities in the UK
The largest mental health charities in the UK and the support services they provide.
Therapy and treatment options
Common types of therapy and how they work.
How to Get Therapy in the UK
How people access therapy through NHS services, GP referrals, charities, or private providers.
NHS Talking Therapies Explained
How NHS Talking Therapies work, including self-referral, assessments, and therapy options.
Mental Health Therapy Options in the UK
Common therapy types including CBT, counselling, psychotherapy, and NHS talking therapies.
Online Therapy in the UK
How online therapy works in the UK, including NHS online services and private virtual therapy.
How Much Does Private Therapy Cost in the UK?
What private therapy costs in 2026, how it compares to NHS options, and how to decide which is right for you.
OCD Right to Choose Explained
How Right to Choose works for OCD, which NHS provider accepts it, and how funding for specialist treatment is approved.
How to Get an OCD Diagnosis
NHS and private routes to an OCD diagnosis compared, including typical costs and whether you actually need one.
Frequently asked questions
Not sure how to access mental health support?
Talk to a care navigator
From NHS talking therapies to private options, a care navigator can talk through what's available and send you a written plan within 48 hours.
20-minute call · Written plan within 48 hours · Independent guidance
What you get
20-minute call
One-to-one with a UK care navigator.
Written plan in 48 hours
Clear next steps, tailored to your situation.
Independent and neutral
No referrals to specific providers - your choice stays yours.
Tailored to your situation
Not a script. A focused conversation about your specific case.